3 John

3 John addresses issues of hospitality, church leadership, and spiritual integrity. It contrasts three individuals: Gaius (faithful), Diotrephes (domineering), and Demetrius (commended). The letter emphasizes supporting missionaries and rebuking arrogance in church governance (3 John 1:9–11). Though short, it provides valuable insight into early church dynamics and Christian character.

Author: John – Elder and Pastoral Overseer
Still identifying as “the elder,” John demonstrates concern for Christian unity and mission. He writes with gentle authority, affirming hospitality and warning against prideful leadership.

Time Period:

• Biblical: Likely sent alongside traveling Christian teachers.

• Scholarly: Commonly dated AD 85–95, late in John’s ministry.